Climate change presents one of the greatest threats to agriculture worldwide, and Chile is no exception. The country faces increasingly extreme weather conditions, experiencing more frequent, unpredictable, and intense frost and heatwaves than in the past 50 years. To achieve sustainable and resilient agriculture in this context, it is necessary to adopt innovative strategies that optimize water use and protect crops. Below, we analyze some of the challenges facing Chilean agriculture and solutions based on new technologies and sustainable practices, supported by globally recognized scientific research.
Climate change & Chilean agriculture
Chilean agriculture is diverse and covers different regions, each with its own climatic particularities. However, all are similarly affected by climate change. Late and early frosts, severe droughts, and erratic rains are damaging crops and threatening the country's food security. According to experts, extreme weather events are increasing. In Chile, particularly, spring frosts are becoming more frequent and devastating for crops sensitive to low temperatures.
Water is a vital resource in agriculture, and its responsible use is essential to address water scarcity, another significant issue for the country. Implementing efficient irrigation systems and adopting water conservation practices are crucial to improving agricultural sustainability. In the words of Felipe Cáceres, Hydraulic Engineer from the Pontifical Catholic University, "Irrigated agriculture represents a large part of water consumption in Chile. The application of drip irrigation techniques, integrating current scientific and technological innovations, can significantly enhance usage efficiency, delivering sustainability and adaptability to our agricultural processes, thus setting an example for the rest of the world."
To address increasingly frequent frosts, innovative approaches are required. One option is utilizing climate monitoring and prediction technologies to anticipate frosts and take preventive measures. Installing meteorological stations and using forecasting models can provide valuable information to farmers regarding the onset of frosts. This allows for the timely application of protection techniques, such as irrigating crops with low-precipitation emitters before the event, thus safeguarding crops and water use.
Investment in research and development will enable the creation of crop varieties more resistant to cold and drought, as well as the design of more efficient and environmentally friendly technologies. Precision agriculture, through the use of sensors and software, can also optimize crop management and reduce water and energy consumption.
The future
Climate change presents a significant challenge for Chilean agriculture but also opens opportunities for innovation and the adoption of more sustainable practices. The combination of new technologies, such as Tierraverde's climate control systems and the use of climate forecasts, along with the development of more resilient crop varieties, can help protect our natural resources and ensure agricultural production in the country. The commitment of international scientists is key to supporting these solutions and thus ensuring a safer and more sustainable future for Chilean agriculture.
